How are basal applications made?

Basal applications refer to a specific method of herbicide application that focuses on targeting the lower parts of plants, particularly the stem and exposed roots. This technique is effective for controlling woody species because it allows the herbicide to be absorbed more efficiently through the bark and into the plant’s vascular system.

When applying to the lower 18 inches of the stems and exposed roots, the herbicide can quickly translocate within the plant, resulting in effective control. This method is especially beneficial for perennial plants and woody plants that may be more resistant to other application techniques, as the herbicide reaches the critical tissues more directly.

In contrast, the other options describe methods that are less effective for basal applications. Treating only the upper layer of soil doesn't target the plant parts that effectively absorb the herbicide, while spraying from above the plants commonly leads to superficial application that may not penetrate the plant structure adequately. Additionally, limiting applications only to dormant plants during winter can restrict the effectiveness since herbicide uptake can often be enhanced when plants are actively growing.